chemistry-timeline Units 3 and 4

Timeline VCE

Chemistry Unit 3
2015-1016

AREA OF STUDY 1
Chemical analysis
In this area of study students use a variety of analytical techniques to analyse products in the laboratory.They conduct volumetric analyses using acid-base and redox titrations and standard solutions, and carry out gravimetric analyses. They are also introduced to instrumental analytical techniques of spectroscopy and chromatography. Students review and apply their understanding of stoichiometry as they complete calculations related to their practical investigations. Students relate the operation of the analytical techniques and instruments to the chemical reactions and the chemical structures of the materials which are being analysed.

Week

Topic and key knowledge

Lessons

Resources/Activities

(activities listed in no particular order)

Revision of Unit 2 basics

The following revision tasks should be given as student work over the major break. The revision tasks below are in the form of small multiple choice tests with extra reading and solutions that will assist in the revision process. Revision includes,
Excess and limiting reactants,
Empirical formulae
Percentage composition,
Ionic equations,
Half equations,
Titration,
Acid-base reactions and pH,
Significant numbers.
Concentration

General questions from past exams.

2015 VCE
2014 VCE
2013 VCE
2012 VCE
2011 VCE
2010 VCE
2010 HSC
2009 VCE
2008 VCE
2007 VCE
2006 VCE
2005 VCE

2 - 3

Key knowledge

• gravimetric analysis
• calculations including amount of solids, liquids and gases; concentration; volume, pressure and temperature of gases
• the writing of balanced chemical equations, including the use of oxidation numbers to write redox equations, and the application of chemical equations to volumetric and gravimetric analyses

Gravimetric analysis

Selection of Friday quizzes. The teacher can decide when to use these quizzes to gauge student progress.
Quiz 1 Solution

Revision for the SAC on gravimetric analysis (1) Solution
Revision for the SAC on gravimetric analysis (2) Solution
Revision for the SAC on gravimetric analysis (3) Solution

Sulphate content in fertiliser

Gravimetric analysis from past exams.
2014 VCE
2013 VCE
2012 VCE
2011 VCE
2010 VCE
2010 HSC
2009 VCE
2008 VCE
2007 VCE
2007 NSW
2006 VCE
2005 VCE

4 - 5

Volumetric analysis

Key knowledge

- volumetric analysis including determination of excess and limiting reagents and titration curves:
simple and back titrations, acid-base and redox titrations

Volumetric analysis starts with a discussion of acid base reaction and the use of indicators

Oxidants and reductants should also be revisited as should oxidation numbers and writing half equations.

A discussion of possible errors when using the burette and pipette is important

The following terms must be clear to students
Aliquot
Concordant results
Titre
Primary standard
Standard solution
Indicator
Strong or weak acid
Titration curves of weak and strong acids weak and strong bases

After we have covered titration and the terms listed above students are now ready to progress onto back titration

Selection of Friday quizzes. The teacher can decide when to use these quizzes to gauge student progress.
Quiz 1 Solution

Revision for the SAC volumetric analysis Solution

Revision for the SAC volumetric analysis Solution

Try some worksheets on:

titration

Analysis of ammonia in household cleaner

Available chlorine in household cleaner

Volumetric analysis from past exams.
2015 VCE
2014 VCE
2013 VCE
2012 VCE
2011 VCE
2010 VCE
2010 HSC
2009 VCE
2009 HSC
2008 VCE
2007 VCE
2006 VCE
2005 VCE

5-6

Chromatography

Key knowledge
• principles and applications of chromatographic techniques (excluding features of instrumentation
and operation), and interpretation of qualitative and quantitative data from:
– thin layer chromatography (TLC), including calculation of Rf
– high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) including Rt
and the use of a calibration graph to determine amount of analyte

Before commencing with chromatography it is important that students are familiar with
-ppm
-(v/v)%
-(w/v)%
-(w/w)%

Chromatography

-- High pressure liquid Chromatography
-- Gas Liquid Chromatography

Quiz 1 Solution

Concentration (ppm, %v/v, %w//v, %w/w) revision sheet solution

Chromatography questions from past exams.

2015 VCE
2014 VCE
2013 VCE
2012 VCE
2011 VCE
2010 VCE
2009 VCE
2008 VCE
2007 VCE
2006 VCE

7- 9

Spectroscopy

Key knowledge

• principles and applications of spectroscopic techniques (excluding features of instrumentation and
operation), and interpretation of qualitative and quantitative data from:
– atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) including electron transitions and use of calibration graph to determine amount of analyte
– infrared spectroscopy (IR) including use of characteristic absorption bands to identify bonds
– proton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) including spin,
the application of carbon-13 to determine number of equivalent carbon environments; and
application of proton NMR to determine structure: chemical shift, areas under peak and
peak splitting patterns (excluding coupling constants), and application of n+1 rule to simple
compounds
– visible and ultraviolet spectroscopy (visible-UV) including electron transitions and use of
calibration graph to determine amount of analyte
– mass spectroscopy including determination of molecular ion peak and relative molecular mass, and identification of simple fragments
• matching analytical technique/s to a particular task: single and combined techniques.

UV-Visible exercise Solution

Spectroscopy past exam questions

2015 VCE
2014 VCE
2013 VCE
2012 VCE
2011 VCE
2010 VCE
2010 HSC
2009 VCE
2009 HSC
2008 VCE
2007 VCE

Below is a task that is excellent revision for the SAC

Spectroscopy test Solutions

UV-visible

Quiz 1 Solution
Quiz 2 Solution
Quiz 3 Solution
Quiz 4 Solution
Quiz 5 Solution

¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR

Quiz 1 Solution
Quiz 2 Solution
Quiz 3 Solution

Quiz 1 Solution
Quiz 2 Solution

Exercises involving IR and ¹H NMR

More exercises involving IR, ¹H NMR and MS

Mass Spectroscopy

Quiz 1 Solution
Quiz 2 Solution
Quiz 3 Solution

Revision

4 worksheets for the revision of Analytical Chemistry.

Analytical chemistry test Solutions

Summary of analytical techniques.

Yet another summary

Term 2

AREA OF STUDY 2
Organic chemical pathways
In this area of study students investigate systematic organic chemistry including production of starting materials for particular reaction pathways. Students use molecular models and conduct simple laboratory investigations to observe the properties and reactions of different homologous series and functional groups. Students investigate the use of biochemical fuels. They design reaction pathways to prepare organic compounds from given starting materials. Students investigate the role of organic chemicals in the development of medicines.

1 - 2

Carbon compounds

Key knowledge
• structure including molecular, structural and semi-structural formulae, and International Union
of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) nomenclature of alkanes, alkenes, amines, haloalkanes,
alkanols (C_nH_2n+1OH), alkanoic acids (C_nH_2n+1COOH) and esters up to C10
• common reactions of organic compounds including equations: addition reactions of alkenes (addition
of hydrogen halides and water limited to symmetrical alkenes), substitution reactions of alkanes and primary haloalkanes, oxidation of primary alkanols, and esterification

Ethene and addition reactions
Naming organic compounds
Semistructural formulae
Homologous
Substitution reactions
Esters
Naming esters
Addition reactions
Condensation reactions
Condensation polymerisation

Organic Reaction Pathways

Quiz 1 Solutions
Quiz 2 Solutions
Quiz 3 Solutions
Quiz 4 Solutions
Quiz 5 Solutions
Quiz 6 Solutions

Activity-making esters

Organic - past exam questions

2015 VCE
2014 VCE
2013 VCE
2012 VCE
2011 VCE
2010 VCE
2010 HSC
2009 VCE
2009 HSC
2008 VCE
2007 VCE
2006 VCE

2 - 4

Bio-macromolecules

Keyknowledge

• chemical bonding:
– primary, secondary and tertiary structures of proteins
– the role of the tertiary structure of proteins in enzyme action
– denaturing of proteins: effect of changes in pH and temperature on bonding
– primary and secondary structure of DNA
• organic reaction pathways including appropriate equations and reagents:
– production of esters from alkenes
– condensation reactions that produce lipids (limited to triglycerides)
– condensation and polymerisation reactions that produce large biomolecules including carbohydrates, proteins and DNA
– production of biochemical fuels including the fermentation of sugars to produce ethanol
– function of organic molecules in the design and synthesis of medicines including the production of aspirin from salicylic acid.