| Chemical
formulae
|
| -name the
precipitate formed when two known solutions are mixed. |
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| -write
the correct formula of an ionic compound given its name and valency
table. |
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| -name
an ionic compound given its formula. |
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-interpret
some common formulae , identify the elements present and the number of atoms
of each element. (NH3, H2SO4, Na2CO3, HCl, NaCl, C6H12O6). |
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| Chemical
equations |
| -write a simple
word equation to describe a reaction. |
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-write a word equation for the reaction between:
-
an acid and a carbonate;
- an acid and a metal;
- an acid and a base; |
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| - write a balanced chemical equation |
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| Atomic
structure and bonding |
| -describe
the structure of the atom, with the aid of a diagram, using the terms electrons, protons, neutrons,
nucleus and energy levels. |
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| -define and be able to give the mass number and atomic number of an element. |
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| -recall the contribution of scientists such as, Dalton, Rutherford to the development of our present day understanding of the atomic structure. |
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| -describe
the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of the first ten elements |
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| -identify
a stable electronic arrangement |
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| -predict the
charge of ions formed by electron transfer. |
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| -outline the
two ways in which electrons are transferred between atoms. |
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| -predict if
a covalent or ionic bond will form between two atoms and give the
formula of the product formed. This can be demonstrated by developing
and playing a simple atoms game. |
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| -by referring to the structure of the atom explain how fireworks create spectacular colour displays. |
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| -place an element in its right place on the periodic table by knowing its atomic number. |
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| Periodic
table |
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| -explain why an element is placed in a particular group and period on the periodic table. |
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| -explain how the reactivity of metals changes down group one |
| -describe some properties of the group 1 metals, alkali metals, such as they react with water to produce hydrogen gas and their reactivity increases as we move down the group. |
| -describe properties of the noble gases of group 8 or 18. |
| -explain the properties of an element given the properties of another element in the same group on the periodic table. |
| Gases and chemical
reactions around us: |
| -describe several
chemical reactions that occur around the home, by identifying the
reactants, the products and any special conditions required to make
them proceed. |
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| -recall, with a chemical equation, the reaction between a carbonate and an acid using baking powder and tartaric acid as one producing carbon dioxide, water and a salt. |
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| -give the properties of carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen. |
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| -describe a reaction where carbon dioxide is not used as a fire ret ardent but actually fuels the burning. |
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| -using the properties of carbon dioxide explain why it is dangerous in confined spaces. |
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| -outline a way which carbon dioxide can be removed from the exhaust gases of chimneys.. |
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| -using the properties of carbon dioxide describe why people working in confined spaces and excavations need special training when using heavy machinery. |
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| -explain,using
the collision theory, why activation energy is needed to start some
reactions. |
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| The chemistry of artificial flavours and smells |
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| -recall some uses of esters. |
| -describe how esters are synthesised in the laboratory. |
| -recall that many esters occur naturally and give plants unique smells and tastes. |
| -identify the esters in some foods and give the flavour that the ester produces. |
| -given the name of the ester derive the organic acid and alcohol needed to produce it. |
| -describe some of the properties of esters, such as, low boiling points and separating techniques, such as distillation, that can be used to purify an ester from a mixture. |
| Plastics |
| -describe
the properties of plastics. |
|
| -describe
some of the moulding techniques and the type of plastic products moulded
by each technique. |
| -identify
plastics as thermosetting or thermoplastic. |
| -describe
the molecular structure of thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics. |
| -relate the properties and uses of plastics to their chemical structure. |
| -explain how
plastics are formed using the terms monomer, polymer and polymerisation. |
| -explain the difference in properties between a rubber tyre and an oven door handle with reference to their chemical structure. |
| Rusting |
| -describe
how reactive metals react with less reactive metals in terms of electron
transfer. |
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| -place in
order of least to most reactive the following metals, gold, iron,
zinc and sodium. |
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| -explain rusting
in terms of a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred between
iron and oxygen. |
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| -describe
ways of preventing rust. |
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| -explain how
a sacrificial anode works to stop iron from rusting. |
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| -identify
a metal that can be used as a sacrificial anode given a table of experimental
data. |
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| -place metals
in order of reactivity given experimental data. |
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| -explain how
reactive metals are used in a battery to provide electricity. |
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| -identify
aluminium as a very reactive metal and discuss reasons why aluminium
is used in cookware |
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| -describe
how reactive metals react with water to produce hydrogen gas. |
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| -using a lemon battery describe how reactive metals can be used to generate electricity |
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| Chemistry of the environment |
| -define the Green House Effect (GHE) |
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-define a greenhouse gas and give five examples and their source. |
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| -explain the role of carbon dioxide in the GHE. |
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| -draw a diagram depicting the carbon cycle. Illustrating the importance of oceans, limestone, human activity, forests (photosynthesis) |
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| -explain how fossil fuels contribute to the GHE. |
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| -give alternative sources of energy, such as nuclear, hydro, solar, wind etc, and explain why these are more greenhouse friendly. |
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| - explain the term biofuels and carbon neutral fuels, using the chemical reactions of photosynthesis and fermentation in their explanation |
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| -explain how biodiesel is formed and why it is a carbon neutral source of energy. |
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| -explain why ethanol is promoted as a carbon neutral fuel but in reality it is not. |
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| -explain what is acid rain, its effects and how our reliance on fossil fuels has increased the amount of acid rain. |
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| -describe the importance of ozone to life on earth and its indirect involvement in global warming. |
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| -discuss the use of CFC's in industry, past and present, and their action on the ozone layer. |
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| -clearly articulate the link between CFC's, ozone and the GHE. |
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| -offer five solutions with clear explanations for the reduction of carbon dioxide emission. This may be done as an assignment. |
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-Possible assignments of 1,500 words.
- discuss, with clear examples, how our lifestyle impacts on global warming. This may be done as an assignment.
- discuss the environmental impact of the success of bottled water. Discuss the benefits and costs of bottled water. |
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